Recently, researchers at Northern Illinois University (NIU) and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), achieved a new breakthrough that may help accelerate the commercialization of calcium-titanium oxide solar cells (PSCs) for solar panels.
In their research, the scientists developed a cost-effective transparent adhesive tape-like film that can be applied to calcium titanite solar cells and capture 99.9 percent of the leaked lead when the solar cells are damaged.
According to the team, the industrial-grade film will help mitigate health and safety concerns without affecting the performance or operation of the chalcogenide solar cells. This practical approach reduces potential lead leakage to levels safer than drinking water standards, according to the researchers.
Calcium-titanium oxide solar cells are not yet commercially available on a large scale because of potential lead toxicity issues to be addressed. Small amounts of water-soluble lead remain an important component of the light-absorbing layer of highly efficient calcium titanite solar cells, which must be able to withstand harsh weather before they can be expected to be commercially viable.
To address these issues, transparent tapes use lead absorbers made from standard solar ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) films and pre-laminated layers of lead absorbing material. The tape can be applied to both sides of the chalcogenide solar cell, just like the standard encapsulation process used in silicon-based solar cells.
In tests to evaluate the durability of the new technology, scientists exposed the thin-film encapsulated chalcogenide solar cells to outdoor roof conditions for three months. The solar cells were then damaged using a razor blade and a hammer, and then immersed in water for seven days. The lead-absorbing strips exhibited lead sequestration efficiencies of more than 99.9 percent.
The researchers say this new technology is expected to facilitate the future commercialization of calcium titanite based photovoltaic technology.
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